𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫

देवनागरीइ ब्वनेत: ग्रीक साहित्य तियादिसँ𑑋

𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 (𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐳𑐫𑑂: Ελληνική Λογοτεχνία) 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫, 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑑘𑑐𑑐 𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐾𑑄 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸, 𑐠𑑁𑑄𑐫𑐵 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐟𑐎𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐏𑑅 𑑋

𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑐸𑐮𑐵𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐏𑑃 𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐾𑑄 𑐠𑑂𑐫𑑄-𑐩𑐠𑑂𑐫𑑄 𑐃𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐏𑑃 𑐟𑐎𑑂𑐎 𑐡𑐸𑐠𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫, 𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫, 𑐴𑐾𑐮𑐾𑐣𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐎, 𑐰 𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣 𑐃𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐧𑐵𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐩𑐹 𑐎𑐠𑑄 𑐩𑐶𑐠𑐎 𑐧𑐵𑐏𑑃𑐟𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐔𑐵𑐎𑑅𑐮𑐶𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐏𑑃 𑐡𑐸 𑐰 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐮𑐶 𑐴𑑀𑐩𑐬𑐫𑐵 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐟 𑐂𑐮𑐶𑐫𑐜 𑐰 𑐌𑐜𑐶𑐳𑐷 𑐡𑐸𑐠𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑐵𑐚𑐎 𑐰 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐄𑐡𑐫 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐡𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐱𑐣𑐶𑐎𑐟 𑐰𑐶𑐱𑐾𑐲 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑑄 𑐣𑐵𑑄𑐖𑐵𑑅: 𑐳𑐸𑐎𑐬𑐵𑐟, 𑐥𑑂𑐮𑐾𑐟𑑀, 𑐰 𑐊𑐬𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑀𑐟𑐮 𑑋 𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣 𑐫𑐸𑐐𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐩𑐶𑐟𑐾𑐳𑑄 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳, 𑐡𑐬𑑂𑐱𑐣 𑐰 𑐰𑐶𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣 𑐣𑐵𑐥𑑄 𑐠𑐷-𑐠𑐷 𑐰𑐶𑐲𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐡𑐵𑐣 𑐧𑐶𑐮𑑋

𑐧𑐿𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐚𑐵𑐂𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫, 𑐧𑐿𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐚𑐵𑐂𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐩𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐏𑐞𑑂𑐜𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐏𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐊𑐟𑐶𑐳𑐶𑐖𑐶𑑄𑐐, 𑐩𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐷𑐣 𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐬𑐩𑑂𑐨𑐶𑐎 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐳𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑋 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵 𑐧𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐎𑑄 𑐰𑐺𑐟𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐟 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐄𑐟𑑂𑐥𑐣𑑂𑐣 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐴𑐮𑐶𑑄𑐳𑐦𑐹 𑐣𑑄 𑐧𑑂𑐰𑐮𑐣𑑋

𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐳𑐵𑐢𑐵𑐬𑐞 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐳𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐾𑐚𑐣 𑐥𑐸𑐣𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐵𑐐𑐬𑐞 𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫 𑐂𑐬𑑀𑐟𑑀𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐟𑑀𑐳 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐂 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐏𑑋 𑐀𑐡𑐵𑐩𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐌𑐳 𑐎𑑀𑐬𑐵𑐂𑐳 𑐰 𑐬𑐶𑐐𑐵𑐳 𑐦𑐾𑐬𑐵𑐂𑐌𑐳 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐶𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑐵𑑄𑐖𑐵𑑅𑐥𑐶𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐩𑐶 𑐏𑑅 𑑋

𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 (𑑘𑑐𑑐 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 – 𑑓𑑕𑑐 𑐃.)

𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐢𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐢𑐵𑐂𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐟 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑐸𑐮𑐵𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶 𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐾𑑄 𑐃𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐷 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐏𑑃 𑐟𑐎𑑂𑐎 𑐡𑐸𑐠𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑋 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐵 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐚𑑀-𑐂𑐣𑑂𑐡𑑀-𑐫𑐸𑐬𑑀𑐥𑐾𑐮𑐷 𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐵𑑄 𑐄𑐟𑑂𑐥𑐣𑑂𑐣 𑐖𑐸𑐮; 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐧𑑂𑐰𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑐶𑐧𑑂𑐰𑑅 𑐏𑑃𑐐𑑂𑐰𑑅𑐟 𑐠𑐷𑐠𑐷 𑐨𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐟𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑃𑐐𑑂𑐰𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑐸𑐣𑐬𑑂𑐣𑐶𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐵𑐞𑑄 𑐰𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐖𑐸𑐂𑐦𑐸𑑋 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐾𑐟 𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐰 𑐰𑐬𑑂𑐞𑐩𑐵𑐮𑐵 𑐰 𑐳𑐶𑐮𑐾𑐧𑐬𑐷 𑐕𑑂𑐫𑐾𑐮𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐖𑐸𑐳𑐵𑑄 𑐩𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐦𑑀𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐶𑐫𑐣 -𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐟𑑂𑐥𑐣𑑂𑐣 𑐰𑐬𑑂𑐞𑐩𑐵𑐮𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐮𑐶𑐥𑐶 𑐩𑐹 𑐎𑐠𑑄 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐁𑐫𑑀𑐣𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐄𑐟𑑂𑐥𑐣𑑂𑐣 𑐖𑐸𑐮 𑐰 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷 𑐟𑐎𑑂𑐎 𑐊𑐠𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐳𑑄 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑑄 𑐣𑐵𑐮𑐵𑐎𑐵𑐮𑑋 ^[१]

𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫 / 𑐰𑐷𑐬𑐎𑐵𑐮 (𑑘𑑐𑑐–𑑕𑑐𑑐 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰)

𑐳𑐎𑐮 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐴𑐡 𑐟𑐎 𑐏𑑃-𑐮𑑂𑐴𑐵𑐂𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑐴𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐸, 𑐰 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐵𑐥𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑑄 𑐀𑐠𑐾 𑐴𑐾 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐶𑐎 𑐄𑐡𑑂𑐡𑐾𑐱𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐶𑑄𑐟𑐶𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑐬𑐩𑑂𑐥𑐬𑐵 𑐰𑐫𑐾 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑑂𑐫𑑅 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎𑐟𑐾𑐳𑑄 𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐶𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐣𑐵 𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑋 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐡𑐫𑐾𑐎𑐹𑐐𑐸 𑐔𑐶𑐣𑐵𑐏𑑃𑐟 𑐴𑐵𑐮𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐰𑐵 𑐥𑐵𑐛 𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐣𑐶𑑄𑐟𑐶𑑄 𑐡𑐫𑐾𑐎𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑅 (𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑑗𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑑂𑐫𑑅 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐧𑐵𑐬𑐾𑐫𑑂 𑐩𑑂𑐴𑑀 𑐖𑐎𑑂𑐎 𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣 𑐖𑐸𑐫𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐖𑐸𑐮)𑑋 𑐀𑐥𑑂𑐰𑑅 𑐢𑐫𑐵 𑐠𑐾𑑄 𑐔𑐶𑐣𑐵𑐏𑑃𑐟 𑐩𑐶𑐠𑐎, 𑐎𑐶𑐩𑑂𑐧𑐡𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐂 𑐎𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐡𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐟 𑐡𑐸 𑐐𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐮𑐶 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐨𑐔𑐵 𑐮𑑀𑐎𑐎𑐠𑐵 𑐰 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐨𑐔𑐵 𑐢𑐬𑑂𑐩 𑐡𑐸𑐠𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑑋 𑐎𑐬𑐶𑐧 𑑖𑑐𑑐 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐫𑑂 𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐳𑐡𑐷 𑐰 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵𑑅 𑐏𑑂𑐫𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐄𑐡𑐫 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋 ^[२]

𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐱𑐸𑐬𑐸𑐂 𑐴𑑀𑐩𑐬𑐫𑐵 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐟 𑐂𑐮𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐡 𑐰 𑐌𑐡𑐾𑐳𑐷 𑐡𑐫𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐟𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐠𑐷𑐠𑐷 𑐎𑐸𑐔𑐵𑐟𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐬𑐔𑐣𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐟𑐶𑐠𑐶 𑐥𑐵𑑅𑐳𑐵𑑄 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐟 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑑘𑑐𑑐 𑐰𑐵 𑐰𑐫𑐵𑑄 𑐮𑐶𑐥𑐵 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐾𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐕𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐣𑐵𑑄𑐖𑐵𑑅𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐔𑐶𑐣𑐵𑐏𑑃𑐩𑐶 𑐴𑐾𑐳𑐶𑐌𑐡 𑐏𑑅 𑑋 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐶𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶 𑐰𑐬𑑂𑐎𑑂𑐳 𑐊𑐞𑑂𑐜 𑐜𑐾𑐖 𑐰 𑐠𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐐𑑀𑐣𑐷 𑐏𑑋

𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫 (𑑕𑑐𑑐–𑑓𑑒𑑓 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰)

𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑐵𑐱𑑂𑐔𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐰 𑐰𑐶𑐢𑐵 𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐰 𑐩𑐹 𑐖𑐸𑐫𑐵𑐰𑐮𑑋 𑐐𑐷𑐟𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐩𑐎 𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫, 𑐌𑐡𑑂𑐳, 𑐥𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑀𑐬𑐮, 𑐊𑐮𑐶𑐖𑐶, 𑐊𑐥𑐶𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐩 ; 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵𑑅 𑐰 𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐳𑐡𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐵𑐚𑐎𑐷𑐫 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐸𑐟𑐶 ; 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳, 𑐀𑐮𑑄𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐣𑑂𑐠, 𑐡𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐱𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐏𑑃𑐮𑑂𑐴𑐵𑐧𑐮𑑂𑐴𑐵, 𑐰 𑐡𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐱𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐣𑑂𑐠 𑐳𑐎𑐮𑐾𑑄 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐮𑐾 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋 ^[३]

𑐣𑐶𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐩𑐹 𑐐𑐷𑐟𑐎𑐵𑐬 𑐳𑐥𑑂𑐦𑑀 𑐰 𑐥𑐶𑐣𑑂𑐡𑐬 𑐏𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐸𑐣𑐾 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐰 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑑂𑐫𑐧𑑂𑐰𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐳𑐮𑑄𑐳𑑅 𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐳𑐡𑐷 𑐩𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐾 𑐳𑐷𑐩𑐶𑐟 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐏𑐫𑑂 𑐖𑐎 𑐣𑐵𑐚𑐎 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐣𑐵𑐚𑐎𑐫𑐵 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐩𑐶𑐥𑐶𑑄 𑐊𑐳𑑂𑐎𑐶𑐮𑐳, 𑐳𑑀𑐦𑑀𑐎𑑂𑐮𑑂𑐳 𑐰 𑐫𑐸𑐬𑐶𑐥𑐶𑐡𑐾𑐳 𑐏𑑅 𑑋 ^[४]

𑐡𑐵𑐫𑑀𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐩𑑂𑐩𑐵𑐣𑐫𑑂 𑐖𑐹𑐐𑐸 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐳𑑄𑐳𑑂𑐎𑐵𑐬𑑄 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵𑑅 𑐰𑐵 𑐳𑑄𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐟 𑐡𑐧𑐹𑐥𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐏𑑃 𑐧𑑂𑐰𑐮𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑅𑑋 𑐠𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐏𑑄𑐟 𑐀𑐱𑑂𑐮𑐶𑐮𑐟𑐵, 𑐡𑐸𑐬𑑂𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐰𑐴𑐵𑐬 𑐰 𑐀𑐥𑐩𑐵𑐣𑑄 𑐖𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐊𑐬𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐚𑑀𑐦𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐣𑐵𑐚𑐎𑐟 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵𑑅 𑐏𑑂𑐫𑑅 𑐧𑑂𑐰𑐮𑐣𑐵𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐢𑐸𑐎𑐹 𑐏𑑅𑑋

𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐫𑐸𑐐𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐶𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐨𑐵𑐰𑐱𑐵𑐮𑐷 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳𑐎𑐵𑐬 𑐴𑐾𑐬𑑀𑐜𑑀𑐚𑐳 𑐰 𑐠𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐳𑐶𑐜𑐵𑐂𑐜𑑂𑐳 𑐏𑑋 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐩𑑂𑐴𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳𑐎𑐵𑐬 𑐖𑐾𑐣𑑀𑐦𑑀𑐣𑑄 "𑐴𑐾𑐮𑐾𑐣𑐶𑐎𑐵" 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮 𑐐𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐠𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐳𑐶𑐜𑐵𑐂𑐜𑑂𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐰𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐵𑐬𑐫𑐵 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑐫𑑂 𑐎𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐫𑐵𑑋 ^[५]

𑑔𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐾 𑐟𑑅𑐢𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐐𑐡𑑂𑐫 𑐄𑐥𑐮𑐧𑑂𑐢𑐶 𑐡𑐬𑑂𑐱𑐣𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑂 𑐏𑑋 𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐡𑐬𑑂𑐱𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐰𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐳 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋 𑐡𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐱𑐣𑐶𑐎𑐟 𑐩𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐾 𑐳𑐸𑐎𑐬𑐵𑐟, 𑐥𑑂𑐮𑐾𑐚𑑀 𑐰 𑐀𑐬𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐚𑑀𑐚𑐮 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑐵𑑄𑐖𑐵𑑅𑐥𑐶𑑄 𑐏𑑅 𑑋

𑐴𑐾𑐮𑐾𑐣𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐚𑐶𑐎 (𑑓𑑒𑑓–𑑓𑑑 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰)

𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑑓𑑓𑑘 𑐟𑐎𑑂𑐎 𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐰 𑐩𑐹 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐣𑐐𑐬𑐟 𑐩𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐳𑐾𑐜𑑀𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐦𑐶𑐮𑐶𑐥 𑐡𑑂𑐰𑐶𑐟𑐷𑐫𑑄 𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐎𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮𑑋 𑐦𑐶𑐮𑐶𑐥 𑐡𑑂𑐰𑐶𑐟𑐷𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐎𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐀𑐮𑐾𑐎𑑂𑐖𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐜𑐬𑑄 𑐠𑑅 𑐀𑐧𑐸𑐫𑐵 𑐰𑐶𑐖𑐫𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐰 𑐰𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐵𑐬 𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑋

𑐴𑐾𑐮𑐾𑐣𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐚𑐶𑐎 𑐫𑐸𑐐𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐀𑐮𑐾𑐎𑑂𑐖𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐜𑐬𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐺𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐸 𑐰 𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐨𑐸𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵 𑐄𑐡𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐠𑐸𑐫𑐵 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑐬𑐶𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐶𑐟 𑐫𑐵𑐂𑑋 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑑓𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷 𑐢𑐸𑑄𑐎𑐵 𑐄𑐟𑑂𑐟𑐬𑐷 𑐂𑐖𑐶𑐥𑑂𑐚𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐮𑐾𑐎𑑂𑐖𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐜𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐵𑑄𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐄𑐥𑐣𑐶𑐰𑐾𑐱 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑑄𑐳𑑂𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐎𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐡𑑂𑐬 𑐖𑐹𑐰𑐣𑑋

𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫 𑐠𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐚𑐳, 𑐎𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐮𑐶𑐩𑐵𑐎𑐳 𑐰 𑐬𑑀𑐜𑑂𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐥𑑀𑐮𑑀𑐣𑐶𑐫𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐡𑐵𑐣𑑄 𑐰𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐵𑐬𑐶𑐟 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐫𑑄-𑐩𑐠𑑂𑐫𑑄 𑑓𑑑𑑐 𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐾𑑄 𑑒𑑕𑑐 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑐩𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐠𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐚𑐳 𑐥𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐚𑑀𑐬𑐮 𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐎 𑐏𑑅𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐰𑐶𑐢𑐵 𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣 𑐨𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐶𑐮𑑄 𑐠𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐂𑐎𑑂𑐮𑑀𑐐𑑂𑐳𑐫𑑂 𑐩𑐴𑐵𑐬𑐟 𑐴𑐵𑐳𑐶𑐮 𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑅 𑑋 ^[६]

𑐣𑐵𑐚𑐎𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐟𑐶𑐣𑐶𑐢𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐰 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵 𑐏𑑂𑐫𑐮𑑄 𑐫𑐵𑐟, 𑐐𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐾𑐣𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐡𑐬 𑐩𑐹 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐟𑐶𑐥𑐵𑐡𑐎 𑐏𑑋

𑐴𑐾𑐮𑐾𑐣𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐚𑐶𑐎 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐡𑐵𑐣𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑐸𑐮𑐵𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐟𑐾𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐵𑐩𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐾𑐥𑑂𑐚𑐸𑐁𑐖𑐶𑐣𑑂𑐟 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐳𑐫𑑂 𑐨𑐵𑐫𑑂𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵 𑐏𑑅 𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐮𑐾𑐎𑑂𑐖𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐜𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐖𑐸𑐮 𑐰 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑑒𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑐹𑐰𑐣𑑋 thumb|𑐳𑑂𑐚𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐧𑑀

𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣 𑐫𑐸𑐐 (𑑓𑑑 𑐃𑐥𑐹 – 𑑒𑑘𑑔 𑐃.)

𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣 𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐫𑐵 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑑄 𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫, 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵𑑅, 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳 𑐰 𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐳𑐡𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐰𑐶𑐲𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐡𑐵𑐣 𑐧𑐶𑐮𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐟𑑅𑐢𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐧𑑂𑐰𑑅 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳 𑐏𑑋

𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐟 𑐟𑐶𑐩𑐾𑐫𑐳, 𑐥𑑀𑐮𑐶𑐧𑐶𑐫𑐳, 𑐜𑐵𑐫𑑀𑐜𑑀𑐬𑐳 𑐳𑐶𑐎𑐸𑐮𑐳, 𑐴𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐮𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐣𑐵𑐳𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐜𑐵𑐫𑑀𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐶𑐫𑐳, 𑐀𑐮𑐾𑐎𑑂𑐖𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐜𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐊𑐥𑑂𑐥𑐶𑐫𑐣, 𑐊𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐣 𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐮𑐸𑐚𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐎 𑐏𑑋 𑐂𑐩𑐶𑐳𑑄 𑐎𑑅𑐑𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐃 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰 𑑔𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐮𑐶𑐥𑐵𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐃 𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐾𑑄 𑐃𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑑒𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷 𑐟𑐎𑑂𑐎𑐫𑐵 𑐃 𑐏𑑋

𑐀𑐮𑐾𑐎𑑂𑐖𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐜𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐂𑐬𑐵𑐟𑑀𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐾𑐣𑐾𑐳𑑄 𑐏𑐐𑑀𑐮𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬 𑐰 𑐨𑐹𑐐𑑀𑐮𑐫𑐵 𑐧𑐵𑐬𑐾𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮, 𑐟𑐬 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐸𑐏𑑂𑐫𑐟𑑅 𑐮𑐶𑐥𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐏𑑃𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐬𑐵𑑄𑐱𑑄 𑐖𑐎 𑐩𑑂𑐴𑐳𑐷𑐎𑐶𑐐𑐸 𑐫𑐵𑑋 𑐔𑐶𑐎𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐳𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐮𑐾𑐣𑑄 𑐊𑐣𑐵𑐟𑑀𑐩𑐷, 𑐦𑐶𑐖𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐮𑑀𑐖𑐷, 𑐥𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐠𑑀𑐮𑑀𑐖𑐷, 𑐦𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐵𑐎𑑀𑐮𑑀𑐖𑐷, 𑐰 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐹𑐬𑑀𑐮𑑀𑐖𑐷 𑐣𑐵𑐥𑑄 𑐠𑐷-𑐠𑐷 𑐰𑐿𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐰𑐶𑐲𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐰𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐡𑐹𑐟 𑐖𑐸𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐁𑐥𑐵𑐮𑑄 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎𑐫𑐵 𑐄𑐥𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐳𑐟 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋

𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐟𑐾𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐵𑐩𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐟, 𑐎𑑀𑐂𑐣𑐾 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎𑐫𑐵 𑐠𑐷-𑐠𑐷 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑐫𑑂 𑐠𑐷-𑐠𑐷 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐩𑐶𑐟𑐾𑐳𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐐𑐳𑑂𑐥𑐾𑐮𑑂𑐳 𑐰 𑐳𑐣𑑂𑐟 𑐥𑐮𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑑁 𑐣𑑄 𑐠𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐸𑐣𑐾 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑅𑑋 ^[७]

𑐧𑐶𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 (𑑓𑑕𑑐–𑑑𑑔𑑕𑑓)

𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐨𑐹𑐩𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐳𑐵𑐐𑐬𑐷𑐫 𑐴𑐮𑐶𑑄𑐫𑐵 𑑑𑑐 𑐐𑐹𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐧𑐿𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐚𑐵𑐂𑐣 𑐴𑐮𑐶𑑄𑐳𑐦𑐹, 𑐳𑐸𑐡𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑑑𑑖 𑐐𑐹𑐐𑐸 𑐱𑐟𑐵𑐧𑑂𑐡𑐷𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑑄𑐳𑑂𑐎𑐬𑐞𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐥𑐵 𑐥𑑁

𑐧𑐶𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐢𑐂𑐐𑐸 𑐧𑐶𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐩𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐊𑐚𑐶𑐳𑐶𑐖𑐶𑐒, 𑐩𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐷𑐣 𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐬𑐩𑑂𑐨𑐶𑐎 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐳𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐢𑐵𑐂 𑑋

𑐧𑐶𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑑄 𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣 𑐬𑐵𑐖𑐣𑐿𑐟𑐶𑐎 𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐰𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑑄𑐎𑐵𑑅 𑐖𑐐𑐫𑑂 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐰 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐃 𑐳𑐨𑑂𑐫𑐟𑐵𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐧𑐶𑐮𑑋 𑐠𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐎𑐠𑑄𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐣𑐶𑐎𑐚 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵 𑐧𑑁𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶𑐎 𑐰 𑐣𑐺𑐰𑑄𑐱𑐰𑐶𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐰𑐵𑐟𑐵𑐰𑐬𑐞𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑅𑑋 𑐧𑐶𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑑂𑐫𑑄𑐐𑐹 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐠𑐩𑐶𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑑄𑐳𑑂𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐎 𑐟𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰 𑐡𑐸: 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎, 𑐃𑐳𑐵𑐃, 𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣, 𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐫 𑑋

𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐐𑐟 𑐥𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐵𑐬 𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐟𑐵𑑅 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐩𑐸𑐏𑑂𑐫𑐟𑑅 𑐊𑐚𑐶𑐳𑐶𑐖𑐶𑑄𑐐 𑐱𑐿𑐮𑐷𑐂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐬𑐩𑑂𑐨𑐶𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐚𑐶𑐣 𑐨𑐵𑐳𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸 ; 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐚𑐶𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐩𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐟 𑐦𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐳𑐾𑐮𑐷 𑐨𑐵𑐳𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸 𑑋

𑐰𑐺𑐟𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐟, 𑐋𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳𑐶𑐎 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵 𑐧𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐎𑑄, 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐄𑐟𑑂𑐥𑐣𑑂𑐣 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐴𑐮𑐶𑑄𑐳𑐦𑐹 𑐣𑑄 𑐧𑑂𑐰𑐮𑐣𑑋 ^[८]

𑐡𑐵𑐂𑐖𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐳 𑐀𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐟𑐵𑐳 (Διγενῆς Ἀκρίτας) 𑐀𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐟𑐶𑐎 𑐩𑑂𑐫𑐾𑐫𑑂 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑐵𑑄𑐖𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑑂𑐫𑐾 𑐏 𑐰 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐩𑑂𑐫𑐾𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐫𑑅 𑐧𑐶𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐩𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐖𑐎𑑂𑐎 𑐩𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑐴𑐵𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑐫𑑂 𑐎𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐫𑐵𑑋 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐐𑐸𑐮𑐶𑐳𑐶𑐣𑑄 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐱𑐸𑐬𑐸𑐰𑐵𑐟𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑑄𑐎𑐾𑐟 𑐎𑐠𑑄 𑐎𑐵𑐂 𑑋

𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 (𑑑𑑔𑑕𑑓–𑐰𑐬𑑂𑐟𑐩𑐵𑐣)

𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫 𑐳𑐵𑐢𑐵𑐬𑐞 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐳𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸 𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐮𑐾 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐨𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐫𑐵 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐶-𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐶𑐳𑑄𑐫𑐵 𑐬𑐸𑐥 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐀𑐥𑑂𑐰 𑐳𑐵𑐩𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐫 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋

𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐮𑐾 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐰 𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣 𑐀𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑐸𑐣𑐬𑐸𑐟𑑂𑐠𑐵𑐣 𑐰 𑐥𑐸𑐣𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐵𑐐𑐬𑐞 𑐩𑐵𑐣𑐰𑐟𑐵𑐰𑐵𑐡 ^[९] 𑐰 𑐰𑐶𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐰𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐳 𑐖𑐸𑐮𑑋

𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐾𑐚𑐣 𑐥𑐸𑐣𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐵𑐐𑐬𑐞 𑐎𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫 𑐂𑐬𑑀𑐚𑑀𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐚𑑀𑐳 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐃𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐩𑐹 𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶 𑐏𑑋 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐕𑐣𑑂𑐡 𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐳 𑐏 𑐐𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑑑𑑖𑑐𑑐𑐫𑐵 𑐁𑐳𑐥𑐵𑐳 𑐨𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐳𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐖𑑀𑐳 𑐎𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐣𑐵𑐬𑑀𑐳 (𑑑𑑕𑑕𑑓–𑑑𑑖𑑑𑑓) 𑐣𑑄 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮𑑋

𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐡𑐵𑐫𑐦𑑀𑐚𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐩𑑀𑐳, 𑐫𑐸𑐬𑑀𑐥𑐾𑐮𑐷 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐧𑑀𑐢𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐰𑐶𑐔𑐵𑑅𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐴𑐮𑐶𑐩𑐫𑑂 𑐀𑐣𑐸𑐰𑐵𑐡 𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐁𑐣𑑂𑐡𑑀𑐮𑐣𑑄 𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐨𑐵𑐰𑐶𑐟 𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸𑑋 𑐀𑐡𑐵𑐩𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐳 𑐎𑑀𑐬𑐵𑐂𑐳 𑐰 𑐬𑐶𑐐𑐵𑐳 𑐦𑐾𑐬𑐵𑐂𑐌𑐳 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐁𑐣𑑂𑐡𑑀𑐮𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐶𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐩𑐹 𑐩𑐣𑐹 𑐏𑑋

𑐠𑑁𑑄, 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑑄 𑐴𑐮𑐶𑑄𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐶𑐎 𑐳𑐩𑐸𑐡𑐵𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐧𑑂𑐰𑐟𑐶 𑐎𑐵𑐂 𑑋 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐩𑐶𑐥𑐶𑑄 𑐖𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐐𑑀𑐳 𑐳𑐾𑐦𑐾𑐬𑐶𑐳 𑐰 𑐌𑐜𑐶𑐳𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐳 𑐊𑐮𑐶𑐚𑐶𑐳𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑑀𑐧𑐾𑐮 𑐳𑐶𑐬𑐥𑐵𑑅 𑐮𑑅𑐮𑑂𑐴𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸 𑑋 ^[१०]

𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐣𑑄 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐳𑑃

𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐳
𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐳
𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐔𑐷𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫
𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐟𑐶𑐣 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫
𑐥𑐸𑐣𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐵𑐐𑐬𑐞𑐎𑐵𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐰𑐶𑐡𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐣𑐟
𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐧𑑀𑐢𑐣
𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐡𑐧𑐹
𑐮𑑀𑐊𑐧 𑐎𑑂𑐮𑐵𑐳𑐶𑐎𑐮 𑐮𑐵𑐂𑐧𑑂𑐬𑐾𑐬𑐶
𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐊𑐣𑑂𑐠𑑀𑐮𑑀𑐖𑐶

𑐣𑑀𑐚

↑ Introduction to Classical Greek.
↑ "Greek literature".
↑ "Greek literature".
↑ Schroeder, Chad Matthew (2016-12-09). "Review of: A Guide to Hellenistic Literature. Blackwell Guides to Classical Literature". Bryn Mawr Classical Review. ISSN 1055-7660.
↑ Schroeder, Chad Matthew (2016-12-09). "Review of: A Guide to Hellenistic Literature. Blackwell Guides to Classical Literature". Bryn Mawr Classical Review. ISSN 1055-7660.
↑ Historiography of the Hellenistic Age (2016-12-09).
↑ Student Resources in Context - Document.
↑ King's College London - A History of Byzantine literature.
↑ Byzantines in Renaissance Italy.
↑ Modern Greek Studies Association.

𑐮𑐶𑐢𑑄𑐳𑐵

𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫

𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐎 𑐳𑐵𑐴𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐰𑐮𑑀𑐎𑐣

𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷𑐫

𑐴𑐾𑐮𑐾𑐣𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐚𑐶𑐎

𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐾𑐎𑑀-𑐬𑑀𑐩𑐣

𑐧𑐶𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐣

𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎

[1] Introduction to Classical Greek.

[2] "Greek literature".

[3] "Greek literature".

[4] Schroeder, Chad Matthew (2016-12-09). "Review of: A Guide to Hellenistic Literature. Blackwell Guides to Classical Literature". Bryn Mawr Classical Review. ISSN 1055-7660.

[5] Schroeder, Chad Matthew (2016-12-09). "Review of: A Guide to Hellenistic Literature. Blackwell Guides to Classical Literature". Bryn Mawr Classical Review. ISSN 1055-7660.

[6] Historiography of the Hellenistic Age (2016-12-09).

[7] Student Resources in Context - Document.

[8] King's College London - A History of Byzantine literature.

[9] Byzantines in Renaissance Italy.

[10] Modern Greek Studies Association.

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