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थ्व पौ देवनागरीं बोट छ्यला थःमंतुं नेपाललिपिइ हिलातःगु ख। थ्व पौयात च्वसु पतिइ यंकेन्ह्यः छकः ब्वनाः पाय्छि जू/मजूगू स्वयादिसँ।
𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 (Mining) 𑐢𑐂𑐐𑐸 𑐖𑐩𑐶𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐸𑐣𑐾 𑐡𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐧𑐴𑐸𑐩𑐹𑐮𑑂𑐫 𑐏𑐣𑐶𑐖 (Minerals) 𑐰𑐵 𑐩𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐨𑐹𑐐𑐬𑑂𑐨𑐷𑐫 𑐥𑐡𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐠𑐟 𑐮𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐏𑑅। 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐷 𑐮𑐸𑑃, 𑐰𑐴𑑅, 𑐎𑑃𑐫𑑂, 𑐣𑑃 (Iron), 𑐴𑑂𑐫𑑄𑐐𑑂𑐰𑐵𑑅, 𑐰 𑐴𑐶𑐬𑐵 𑐠𑐾𑑄𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐰𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐸𑐟 𑐮𑐵। 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐣𑐹𑐫𑐵 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳𑐫𑑂 𑐩𑐣𑐹𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐨𑑂𑐫𑐟𑐵 𑐰𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐶𑑄𑐟𑐶𑑄 𑐟𑐳𑐎𑑄 𑐴𑐾 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐖𑐹𑐐𑐸 𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐏 𑐕𑐵𑐫𑑂𑐢𑐵𑐳𑐵 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑑄 𑐢𑐵𑐟𑐸 𑐰 𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐟 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐡𑐵𑐣 𑐫𑐵𑐂।
𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐟𑐵𑐖𑐶
[सम्पादन]𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐩𑐸𑐏𑑂𑐫 𑐬𑐹𑐥𑑄 𑐣𑐶𑐐𑐸 𑐨𑐵𑐐𑐫𑑂 𑐧𑐵𑐫𑐾 𑐦𑐂:
- 𑐳𑐟𑐴 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 (Surface Mining): 𑐐𑐸𑐧𑑂𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐏𑐣𑐶𑐖 𑐧𑑃 𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐟𑐴𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐟𑐷𑐎𑑄 𑐡𑐂, 𑐄𑐧𑑂𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐧𑑃𑐫𑐵 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐨𑐵𑐐 𑐩𑐸𑐣𑐵𑑅 𑐏𑐣𑐶𑐖 𑐮𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐂। 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐀𑑅𑐥𑐸 𑐀𑐮𑐾 𑐡𑑄𑐎𑑅 𑐴𑐾 𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐕𑐶𑑄।
- 𑐧𑑃 𑐡𑐸𑐣𑐾𑐫𑐵 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 (Underground Mining): 𑐐𑐸𑐧𑑂𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐏𑐣𑐶𑐖 𑐧𑑃𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐶𑐎𑑂𑐎 𑐡𑐸𑐣𑐾 𑐡𑐂, 𑐄𑐧𑑂𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑐵𑐎𑑀/𑐳𑐸𑐬𑐸𑐒 (Tunnels) 𑐏𑐣𑐵𑑅 𑐏𑐣𑐶𑐖 𑐮𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐩𑐵𑐮𑐶। 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐖𑑀𑐏𑐶𑐩𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐰 𑐠𑐶𑐎𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐖𑐸𑐂।
𑐀𑐬𑑂𑐠𑐟𑐣𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑂 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰
[सम्पादन]- 𑐎𑐔𑑂𑐔𑐵 𑐥𑐡𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐠: 𑐄𑐡𑑂𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐟𑐫𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐁𑐰𑐱𑑂𑐫𑐎 𑐣𑑃, 𑐎𑑃𑐫𑑂 𑐰 𑐩𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐢𑐵𑐟𑐸 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑐵𑐏𑐾𑑄 𑐴𑐾 𑐰𑐂।
- 𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐵: 𑐴𑑂𑐫𑑄𑐐𑑂𑐰𑐵𑑅 𑐰 𑐫𑐸𑐬𑐾𑐣𑐶𑐫𑐩 𑐠𑐾𑑄𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑐣𑐶𑐖𑑄 𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐵 (Power) 𑐄𑐟𑑂𑐥𑐵𑐡𑐣𑐫𑑂 𑐐𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐴𑐵𑐮𑐶 𑐫𑐵𑐂।
- 𑐩𑐹𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐰𑐵𑐣 𑐢𑐵𑐟𑐸: 𑐮𑐸𑑃 𑐰 𑐰𑐴𑑅 𑐠𑐾𑑄𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐢𑐵𑐟𑐸𑑄 𑐡𑐾𑐫𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐁𑐬𑑂𑐠𑐶𑐎 𑐳𑐩𑑂𑐥𑐟𑑂𑐟𑐶 𑐰 '𑐬𑐶𑐖𑐬𑑂𑐨' 𑐀𑐥𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐾𑐎𑐷।
- 𑐬𑑀𑐖𑐐𑐵𑐬𑐷: 𑐴𑐮𑐶𑑄 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑑄𑐎𑑄 𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐰 𑐩𑐣𑐹𑐟𑐫𑑂𑐳𑑄 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑐵𑐏𑐾𑑄 𑐮𑐖𑐐𑐵 (Employment) 𑐎𑐵𑐂।
𑐰𑐵𑐟𑐵𑐰𑐬𑐞𑐷𑐫 𑐰 𑐳𑐵𑐩𑐵𑐖𑐶𑐎 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐨𑐵𑐰
[सम्पादन]𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐣𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐩𑐎 𑐥𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐟 𑐣𑑄 𑐡𑐸:
- 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐡𑐹𑐲𑐞: 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑐵𑐏𑐾𑑄 𑐮𑑅 𑐰 𑐰𑐵𑐫𑐸 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐡𑐹𑐲𑐞 𑐖𑐸𑐂𑐦𑐸।
- 𑐥𑐬𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐰𑐬𑐞 𑐰𑐶𑐣𑐵𑐱: 𑐐𑐸𑑄-𑐖𑑄𑐐𑐮 𑐳𑑂𑐫𑐣𑐷𑐐𑐸 𑐰 𑐖𑐷𑐰𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐸𑐫𑐵 𑐧𑐵𑐳𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐵𑐣 𑐣𑐲𑑂𑐚 𑐖𑐸𑐂𑐦𑐸।
- 𑐠𑐵𑐫𑑂-𑐧𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵𑑅: 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷 𑐏𑐣𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐂𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐠𑐵𑐳𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐥𑐶𑑄 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐫 𑐩𑐣𑐹𑐟𑐫𑑂𑐳𑑄 𑐠𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐠𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐟𑐵𑑅 𑐠𑐵𑐫𑑂-𑐧𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐵𑑅 𑐰𑐣𑐾𑐩𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐀𑐰𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐵 𑐰𑐫𑐾𑐦𑐸।
𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐰𑐶𑐢𑐶 𑐰 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵
[सम्पादन]𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐃𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐬𑑀𑐧𑑀𑐚𑐶𑐎𑑂𑐳 𑐰 𑐟𑑅𑐢𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑐾𑐳𑐶𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑑂𑐫𑐮𑐵𑐧𑐸𑐮𑐵𑑄 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐄𑐟𑑂𑐥𑐵𑐡𑐎𑐟𑑂𑐰 (Productivity) 𑐀𑐥𑑂𑐰𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸। 𑐠𑑁𑑄𑐎𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐫𑑂 '𑐜𑐷𑐥 𑐳𑐷 𑐩𑐵𑐂𑐣𑐶𑐒' (𑐳𑐩𑐸𑐡𑑂𑐬𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐸𑐣𑐾 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵) 𑐰 𑐨𑐰𑐶𑐲𑑂𑐫𑐫𑑂 '𑐳𑑂𑐥𑐾𑐳 𑐩𑐵𑐂𑐣𑐶𑐒' (𑐀𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐬𑐶𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐫𑑂 𑐏𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵) 𑐫𑐵 𑐏𑑃𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑑄 𑐀𑐣𑐸𑐳𑐣𑑂𑐢𑐵𑐣 𑐖𑐸𑐫𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸।
𑐮𑐶𑐢𑑄𑐳𑐵
[सम्पादन]- Hartmann, H. L. (2002). Introductory Mining Engineering.
- International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM) Reports.
- 𑐨𑐹𑐐𑑀𑐮 𑐰 𑐏𑐣𑐶𑐖 𑐰𑐶𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣 (Geology and Mineral Science).