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 𑐀𑐬𑑂𑐣𑐾𑐳𑑂𑐚 𑐬𑐸𑐠𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐜 | |
| बुगु | August 30 1871 Spring Grove, New Zealand |
|---|---|
| मदुगु | October 19 1937 Cambridge, England |
| थाय्-बाय् |  UK |
| दे |  New Zealand- British |
| ज्यायागु ख्य: | Physicist |
| स्वापु दुगु गुथि/ज्यास: | McGill University University of Manchester |
| आल्मा मेटर | University of Canterbury Cambridge University |
| डक्टोरल एड्भाइजर | J. J. Thomson  |
| विद्यावारिधी विद्यार्थी | Mark Oliphant Patrick Blackett |
| नांजागु ज्याखं | Being the "father" of nuclear physics |
| ब्वेछिंगु सिरपा | Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1908 |
| Note that he is the father-in-law of Ralph Fowler. Rutherford had a DSc (1900) from the University of New Zealand. | |
𑐀𑐬𑑂𑐣𑐾𑐳𑑂𑐟 𑐬𑐡𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐡 (𑑑𑑘𑑗𑑑–𑑑𑑙𑑓𑑗) 𑐕𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐖𑐶𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐞𑑂𑐜𑐫𑑂 𑐖𑐣𑑂𑐩 𑐖𑐹𑐩𑑂𑐴 𑐧𑐾𑐮𑐵𑐫𑐟𑐷 𑐨𑑁𑐟𑐶𑐎𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐷 𑐏𑑅, 𑐐𑐸𑐩𑑂𑐴𑐾𑐳𑐶𑐟 '𑐥𑐬𑐩𑐵𑐞𑐸 𑐨𑑁𑐟𑐶𑐎 𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐧𑐸' (Father of Nuclear Physics) 𑐢𑐎𑐵𑑅 𑐩𑑂𑐴𑐳𑐷𑐎𑐷। 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑐮𑑄 𑐥𑐬𑐩𑐵𑐞𑐸𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑑄𑐬𑐔𑐣𑐵 𑐰 𑐬𑐾𑐜𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐢𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐷𑐫𑐟𑐵 (Radioactivity) 𑐫𑐵 𑐏𑑂𑐫𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐟𑐳𑐎𑑄 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐀𑐣𑐸𑐳𑐣𑑂𑐢𑐵𑐣 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑑅 𑐁𑐢𑐸𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐰𑐶𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐹𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐶𑐱𑐵 𑐧𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮। 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑑅𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐳𑐣𑑂 𑑑𑑙𑑐𑑘 𑐫𑑂 𑐬𑐳𑐵𑐫𑐣 𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑑀𑐧𑐾𑐮 𑐥𑐸𑐬𑐳𑑂𑐎𑐵𑐬 𑐥𑐵𑐏𑐾𑑄 𑐳𑐩𑑂𑐩𑐵𑐣𑐶𑐟 𑐫𑐵𑐟।
𑐬𑐾𑐜𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐢𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐷𑐫𑐟𑐵𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐣𑐸𑐳𑐣𑑂𑐢𑐵𑐣
[सम्पादन]𑐬𑐡𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐜𑑄 𑐬𑐾𑐜𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐢𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐷 𑐥𑐡𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐠𑐥𑐵𑐏𑐾𑑄 𑐥𑐶𑐴𑐵𑑃 𑐰𑐂𑐐𑐸 𑐰𑐶𑐎𑐶𑐬𑐞𑐟𑐫𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑑄𑐐𑐹 𑐥𑐸𑐔𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐧𑐵𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮:
- 𑐀𑐮𑑂𑐦𑐵 (Alpha): 𑐳𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐩𑐎 𑐔𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐖 𑐡𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐎𑐞।
- 𑐧𑐶𑐚𑐵 (Beta): 𑐣𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐩𑐎 𑐔𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐖 𑐡𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐎𑐞।
- 𑐐𑐵𑐩𑐵 (Gamma): 𑐟𑐳𑐎𑑄 𑐱𑐎𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐱𑐵𑐮𑐷 𑐰𑐶𑐡𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐟-𑐔𑐸𑐩𑑂𑐧𑐎𑐷𑐫 𑐟𑐬𑑄𑐐।
𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑐮𑑄 '𑐬𑐾𑐜𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐢𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐷 𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐫' (Radioactive decay) 𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐶𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐟 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐟𑐶𑐥𑐵𑐡𑐣 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑑅 𑐟𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐟 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐣𑐶𑐳𑐾𑑄 𑐩𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐬𑐹𑐥𑐫𑑂 𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐾𑐦𑐂 𑐢𑐎𑐵𑑅 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐩𑐵𑐞𑐶𑐟 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮।
𑐐𑑀𑐮𑑂𑐡 𑐦𑑀𑐂𑐮 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑀𑐐 (Gold Foil Experiment)
[सम्पादन]𑐳𑐣𑑂 𑑑𑑙𑑐𑑙 𑐫𑑂 𑐬𑐡𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐜𑑄 𑐠𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐳𑐶𑐡𑑂𑐢 '𑐐𑑀𑐮𑑂𑐜 𑐦𑑀𑐂𑐮' 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑀𑐐 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮। 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐫𑑂 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑐮𑑄 𑐮𑐸𑑄𑐫𑐵 𑐟𑐳𑐎𑑄 𑐔𑐶𑐧𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑐵𑐟𑐵 (Thin foil) 𑐫𑑂 '𑐀𑐮𑑂𑐦𑐵' 𑐎𑐞𑐟 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐴𑐵𑐬 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮।
- 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑀𑐐𑑄 𑐎𑑂𑐫𑐣 𑐎𑐶 𑐀𑐥𑑂𑐰𑑅 𑐠𑐾𑑄 𑐎𑐞𑐟 𑐟𑐥𑐾𑑄𑐎 𑐥𑐵𑐬 𑐖𑐸𑐮, 𑐟𑐬 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐎𑐞𑐟 𑐢𑐵𑐳𑐵 𑐮𑐶𑐴𑐵𑑃 𑐰𑐮।
- 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑑄 𑐳𑐵𑐰𑐶𑐟 𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐎𑐶 𑐥𑐬𑐩𑐵𑐞𑐸𑐫𑐵 𑐀𑐥𑑂𑐰𑑅 𑐠𑐾𑑄 𑐠𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐏𑐵𑐮𑐷 𑐡𑐸, 𑐟𑐬 𑐄𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐠𑐸𑐂 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐟𑐳𑐎𑑄 𑐔𑐶𑐢𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐰 𑐳𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐩𑐎 𑐔𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐖 𑐡𑐸𑐐𑐸 𑐎𑐾𑐣𑑂𑐡𑑂𑐬 𑐡𑐸, 𑐐𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑐮𑑄 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐎𑑂𑐮𑐶𑐫𑐳 (Nucleus) 𑐣𑐵𑑄 𑐧𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮।
𑐬𑐡𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐜𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑐬𑐩𑐵𑐞𑐸 𑐩𑑀𑐜𑐾𑐮
[सम्पादन]𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐫𑐵 𑐁𑐢𑐵𑐬𑐫𑑂 𑐬𑐡𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐜𑑄 𑐳𑐣𑑂 𑑑𑑙𑑑𑑑 𑐫𑑂 𑐥𑐬𑐩𑐵𑐞𑐸𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐹𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑑀𑐜𑐾𑐮 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑑂𑐫𑐧𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮: 𑑑. 𑐥𑐬𑐩𑐵𑐞𑐸𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐠𑐸𑐂 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐎𑑂𑐮𑐶𑐫𑐳 (Nucleus) 𑐡𑐂 𑐐𑐣 𑐄𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐦𑐸𑐎𑑂𑐎𑑄 𑐰𑐖𑐣 𑐰 𑐳𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐩𑐎 𑐔𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐖 𑐩𑐸𑐣𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐣𑐷। 𑑒. 𑐂𑐮𑐾𑐎𑑂𑐚𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐣𑐟 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐎𑑂𑐮𑐶𑐫𑐳𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑐶𑐣𑐾 𑐔𑐵𑐎𑑅𑐮𑐵𑐎 '𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐴' (Planets) 𑐟 𑐳𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑐮𑐶𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐵𑑄 𑐔𑐵𑑅𑐴𑑂𑐫𑐹 𑐠𑐾𑑄 𑐔𑐵𑑅𑐴𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐫𑐵𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐣𑐷।
𑐥𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐚𑑀𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐵𑐮𑐾𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐰 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐎𑑂𑐮𑐶𑐫𑐬 𑐚𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐳𑐩𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐚𑐾𑐳𑐣
[सम्पादन]𑐳𑐣𑑂 𑑑𑑙𑑑𑑗 𑐫𑑂 𑐬𑐡𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐜𑑄 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐵𑐥𑐵𑑄 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐟𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰 (𑐣𑐵𑐫𑐚𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐖𑐣) 𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐩𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐟𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰 (𑐀𑐎𑑂𑐳𑐶𑐖𑐣) 𑐫𑑂 𑐴𑐶𑐮𑐾𑐐𑐸 '𑐎𑐺𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐩' 𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮। 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐫𑑂 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑐮𑑄 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐚𑑀𑐣 (Proton) 𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐵𑐮𑐾𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮। 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐴𑐾 𑐩𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐐𑐡𑐬𑑂𑐱𑐣𑐫𑑂 𑐖𑐾𑐩𑑂𑐳 𑐔𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐜𑐰𑐶𑐎𑑄 '𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐚𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐣'𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐵𑐮𑐾𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮।
𑐮𑐸𑐩𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐶
[सम्पादन]𑐬𑐡𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐜𑑄 𑐰𑐶𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣𑐫𑑂 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐷𑐐𑐸 𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐡𑐵𑐣𑐫𑐵 𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐞𑑄 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐳𑐩𑑂𑐩𑐵𑐣𑐫𑑂 𑑑𑑐𑑔𑐐𑐹 𑐟𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑐵𑑄 '𑐬𑐡𑐬𑐦𑑀𑐬𑑂𑐜𑐶𑐫𑐩' (Rutherfordium) 𑐟𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸। 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑑅𑐫𑐵 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐳𑐸 𑐰 𑐰𑐿𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣𑐶𑐎 𑐄𑐥𑐎𑐬𑐞𑐟 𑐧𑐾𑐮𑐵𑐫𑐟 𑐰 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐸𑐖𑐶𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐞𑑂𑐜𑐫𑐵 𑐠𑐷-𑐠𑐷 𑐩𑐸𑐣𑐵𑐕𑐾𑑃𑐟𑐫𑐫𑑂 𑐳𑐸𑐬𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐶𑐟 𑐟𑐫𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸।
𑐮𑐶𑐢𑑄𑐳𑐵
[सम्पादन]- Eve, A. S. (1939). Rutherford: Being the Life and Letters of the Rt. Hon. Lord Rutherford, O.M.
- Heilbron, J. L. (2003). Ernest Rutherford and the Explosion of Atoms.
- Wilson, David (1983). Rutherford: Simple Genius.